International Circulation: CTA， MRA， or Duplex can be used to assess anatomy and function of coronary arterial disease (CAD). Can you talk about how to combine these non-invasive imaging to accurately diagnose CAD patients?
　　Dr. Gämperli: I think that the most important thing is to recognize the complimentary of the functional and morphological techniques. Whatever you use， you should make sure that you are looking not only at coronary anatomy but also the hemodynamic relevance of lesions. That is a crucial point when you are dealing with patients with stable coronary artery disease. The reason why is that we know that one of the major determinants of outcome in stable patients with CAD is the presence of ischemia. Whatever technique you use the combination will really tell you the truth about the patient. Of course you have many different possibilities to combine techniques， to combine CT with non-invasive functional tests， stress MR， stress echo. You can also move into the invasive field and combine invasive methods， invasive angiography， OCT with functional FFR for example. Whatever you use non-invasively or invasively， one should really make sure to combine both methods to be able to choose the most appropriate strategy for the patient.
　　《国际循环》：CT血管造影、MRI血管造影或双功超声可被用于评价冠心病患者冠脉的解剖结构和功能。您能否谈下如何联合这些无创检查手段来正确诊断冠心病？
　　Gämperli博士：我认为，最重要的是认识到功能和形态学方法是互补的。无论你采取了哪种影像学检查方法，你都要确定不仅要观察冠状动脉的解剖结构，还要观察病灶的血流动力学特点，这是你处理稳定型冠心病的关键点。为什么要这么做？我们都知道稳定型冠心病患者最主要的不良转归是心肌缺血。无论你采取了哪种检查，联合检查确实会提供患者的真实情况。当然，你可以有很多不同的检查组合，例如联合CT和无创的功能检测、负荷核磁共振、负荷超声心动图。另外，可以采取有创检查，例如有创的血管造影，如可以将光学相干成像与功能检查血流储备分数联合应用。无论你采取的是无创检查还是有创检查，都应当注意联合两种检查方法，以便为患者选择最为合适的治疗策略。

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